Telemetering system



6 She'ets-SheekI l A. J. HORNFECK ET AL TELEMETERING SYSTEM March 16,1954 Filed Dec. 14, 1950 INVENTORS ANTHONY J. HORNFECK, AND. `JOHN F.LUHRS J. PEARsoN SMITH March 16, 1954 A. J. HoRNFEcK ET AL TELEMETERINGSYSTEM Filed DeO. 14, 1950 om a mwm .Iowa w. f m .www5 m. e 2953..

March 16, 1954 Filed Dec. 14, 1950 A. J. HoRNFEcK ET AL 2,672,598

TELEMETERING SYSTEM 6 Sheens-Sheefl 5 n olAL REQIEWER'AND (I3 TELETYPESENDER.

TELETYF'E SENDER ENTRANCE INVENToRs ANTHONY J. HORNFECKL JOHN F. I UHRSJ. PEARSON SMITH @WWW AND

MalCh 16, 1954 A. J. HORNFECK ET Al. 2,672,598

TELEMETERING SYSTEM Filed Dec. 14, 1950 6 Sheecs--Shee'I 4 ijeoA soo I-IL i I GO Leoe VOLTS INDUCED IN SECONDARY JOHN F. I UHRS J. PEARSONSMITH AND STATION NO. I

STATION NO. 2

STATION NO. 3

STATION NO. 4

March 16, 1954 Filed Dec.

SUCTION PRESSURE DISCHARGE PRESSURE MOTOR AMPERES SUCTION PRESSUREDISCHARGE PRESSURE MOTOR AMPERES SUCTION PRESSURE DISCHARGE PRESSUREMOTOR AMF'ERES SUCTION DISCHARGE PRESSURE MOTOR AMPERES PRESSURE ao soDATE TIME

DIAL

A. J. HORNFECK ET AL TELEMETERING SYSTEM SSSS MEASURING CYCLE (lmPS.

AND

6 Sheets-Sheet 6 BOO IOOO XXXX xxxx

XXXX

PAPER MOVED Ssssss DDDDDD AA'AAAA INVENTORS ANTHONY J4 HORNFECK,

JOHN F. LUHRS J. PEARSON SMITH Patented Mar. 16, 1954 TELEMETERINGSYSTEM Anthony J. Hornfeck, Lyndhurst, Ohio, John F. Luhrs, Colonie,l N.Y., and J ohn Pearson Smith, Birmingham, Mich., assignors to BaileyMeter Company, a corporation of Delaware Application December 14,1950,seria1No. 200,856 sa claims. (C1. 340-151) Our invention relates tothelong distance transmission of intelligence and particularly to lthetransmission of the instantaneous value oi variable conditions,positions or the' like. Such variables may be pressure, temperature,rate of yproduct transportation system having a number of unattendedpumping stations located apart and at a considerable distance from acontrol center. Pump suction pressure, pump discharge pressure 'and pumpmotor amperes, at any one of thestations, may subst-antiallyinstantaneously 'be made known to the operator at the control centerthrough a pulse communication system employing our invention.

yVarious types of pulse or time duration telemetering systems are knownincluding Teletype and telegraph-type transmission. Electric pulses ofvery short but different duration aretransmitted and received for theconveyance of intelligence andin which each letter of the alphabet,num-erals and other signioant characters may have an established anduseful pulse length. The printing telegraph may transmit pulses ofduration combinations similar' to Morse or International Code. KnownTeletype systems assign to each letter or other character oneof thepossible combinations `oi pulse and blank in ya group of five repeatedcyclically.

The receiver of a -Teletype system may have a typewriter-like mechanismvwhereby letters or symbols are printed on a movable sheet of recordpaper in correspondence with the-pulses successively received. Thus, bythe transmission of a series of pulses, each (or each group)representative of a letter, number, or symbol, a message or similarintelligence mayyappear on the receiving record sheet invreadable form.Pulse length discriminators in such'a receiver are known and iorrn nopart of the present invention.

We have provided a novel system wherein the actual value of a variablevcondition or position may substantially instantaneously be madeavailable for observation or use at a remote location. A principalobject of our present invention is to providemmethod and means .forremotely 4ascontaining,the value yof a-yari'able condition or positionby pulse duration'means.

Another object is to provide av selective telemetering system over greatdistances by a Vtelephone Wire pair.

Still a further object is to be able, at a cen'- tr-al "controllocation, to obtain visual intelligence of existing conditions at remotepoints selectively at Will. Y' A Another object is to produce at aremote location a typed or inscribed record of variable conditions suchas pressure, flow, or the like.

The drawings depict in somewhat diagrammatic fashion an actualinstallation in connection with an oil pipe line in the United States.A

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an oil pipe line to which our invention hasbeen applied.

Figs. 2 and 2A show a circuit diagram in connection with one pumpingstation of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a graph of Voltage values of -an impulse scanner.

Fig. 4 is a graph of sequence transmission from `a pumping station ofFig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a' representative receiver record in the control station ofFig. 1`.

Fig. 6 represents a time stamp which may be used with Fig. 5.v

The pipe line system of Fig. 1 includes in diagrammatic block form:

YPumping Station No. 1 Pumping Station No. 2A Pumping Station No. 3Pumping Station No. 4 Terminus as well as a receiving Teletypey andcontrol station.

Preferably'the four pumping stations are unattended. The pipeline inwhich they are located may contain other stations such as feed,draw-off, transfer or'the like between the source and the terminus. Ourpresent invention is concerned with the unattended pumping stationsdesignated numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4 and which are spaced approximately 50miles apart on the pipe linesystem. Station No. 4 is about 300 milesfrom theterminus of the line and the terminus is about 500 miles fromthe receiving "Teletype control station in New York city.N A leased pairof telephone Wires connects the ycontrol station with the iourpumpingstations making the control station approximately 950 miles from the`furthest unattended pumping-station.

'Pumping Station No'. 1. -The'equipment ofStations f2, 3 and 4 may besimilar.

`with the receiver of a dial selector.

Considering Pumping Station No. 1 We designate an 8 high pressure oilproduct pipe line at I as entering a pump 2 driven by a motor 3.Discharge of the pump 2 feeds the pipe line 4 to Station No. 2.

Within the station We provide a pressure recorder making wa continuousrecord of pump suction pressureby the pressureresponsive gage 6 and pumpdischarge pressure by the gage 1. Gages 6 and 1 not only actuate thecontinuous recorder but initiate transmission values representative ofpressure values to a sequence re lay 8 which will be explained later.

Current taken by the motor 3 is recorded at a recorder 9 suppliedthrough av rectier ID'by a current transformer I I. The recorder 9 isalso connected to the sequence relay 8 and the latter is connectedthrough an impulse scanner VI2 to a dial receiver and Teletype sender I3joined by a telephone pair I4 with similar equipment in .Stations Nos.2, 3 and 4 as Well as with the control stations.

The four pumping stations may each be provided with the sender ofa'Teletype system and The control station `is provided with a dialsender and with a Teletype receiver. In general the system provides thatby dialing a. numeral or character in vthe control sta-tion the desiredintelligence from one of the pumping stations will substantially,instantaneously appear on the Teletype receiver in the controll stationeven though the various pumping stationsl are unattended. Thus an opeerator at the control station may, by dial, be im mediately advised ofvariable condition values at the various pumping stations along the pipeline and through `the use of `such intelligence may `properly controladmission and draw-olf to the pipe line as well as other operations inconnection with the system.

Although not so limited, the present system being described is arranged,when initiated by proper dialing, to record on the receiving Teleh typethe following information repeated over and over for so long as thedialed circuit isrnot interrupted at the control station.

Dial Transmit As will be seen from the above, and as will be explainedhereinafter, the operator at the con- `trol station may at any time dialthe proper numeral and receive on his Teletype receiver the informationcoded to that dial number and such infor-mation will be repeated overand over agan' until the operator breaks the dial circuit preparatory tostopping the Teletype transmission and resetting for subsequent dialing.Inasmuch as the time required to dial a numeral and have the desiredintelligence appear in printing at the control station is a matter ofseconds only,

itwill be understood that'the operator may have substantiallyinstantaneous.advice as to operating conditions at one of the fourpumping stations located from 800 to 950 miles away. Just what theoperator does, following the receipt of such intelligence, by way ofremote control of valves, signals, or the like forms no part of thepresent invention.

In general the present system being described 4is a `time durationtelemetering system wherein ,the measured variables are transmitted bybeing converted into time intervals in a definite predeterminedsequence. The length of each time interval is an indication of themagnitude of the variable. The Teletype equipment converts the timeintervals into signals which are transmitted tothe central control`station where they appear as a visual record. y

Referring now to Figs. 2` and 2A we show thereinin somewhat`diagrammatic fashion the circuits in connection with Pumping StationNo. l. The three variables under consideration namely, pump suctionpressure, pump discharge pressure and motor amperes, are provided withtransmitters having a A.C. output voltages directly proportional tothemeasured variables. The impulse scanner isfused to convert the A.C.output voltages into time intervals. The length of the time intervals`developed are directly proportional to the magnitude of the voltageout- Dut of the transmitters. Inasmuch as the voltage outputs aredirectly proportional to the measured variables, therefore the length ofthe time intervals are proportional to the magnitude of the measuredvariables.

For producing A.C. voltages proportional to pump suction pressure andpump discharge pressure the pressure gages 5 and 1 are inclu-ded inidentical measuring circuits of which only that for gage G need bedescribed.

A Bourdon tube I5 is sensitive `to `pressure within the pipe line I atthe entrance to pump 2. Positioned by the Bourdon tube I5is the core I6of a movable core transformer having an A.C. energized primary I1, a.rst pair of opposed secondaries I8 and a second pair of secondaries I9,20. The secondaries I9, 20 are connected in series loop with apotentiometer 2| and calibrating resistances 22, 23. Positionable alongthe potentiometer 2| is a slide 24 which is connected by -way of aconductor 25 with the mid connection of the secondaries I9, 20.Interposed in the conductor 25 is an amplifier and motor controlarrangement 26 controlling the starting, stopping and reversing of amotor 21 which is arranged to position the balancing contact 24 and tosimultaneously position one of the recording pens in the `recorder 5.

'I'he measuring circuit is a self-balancing network. Any unbalance`between the voltages induced in the secondary windings I9, 20, acrossthe divided portion of` potentiometer 2|, is manifest in the conductor25 to act upon the ampliner 2B for control of the motor 21 to soposition the slide 24 as to rebalance the circuit.

The amplifier and motor control circuit 26 is disclosed and claimed inan application of -Anl-thony J. Hornfeck, Ser. No. 693,290, fledv Augustvoltage in secondaries @l thony J Hornfeck, Ser. No. 3,566,1led January22, 1948, now Patent 2,564,221, issued August 14,

In similar manner the discharge pressure gage 1 has a balancing motor`28 arranged toposition the discharge pressure recording pen on therecorder 5. Gage '1 also has apair of 'secondaries 29 in ywhich iscontinually induced, from.A the primary-30, a Voltage representative ofthe value of pump discharge pressure. f

For continuously establishing a voltage representative ofv pumpmotoramps. weprovide the rectiiier I5 having an input range of 0-5 amps.A.'C. and an output range of 0- 20 volts D. C. providing an input to anetwork'sl wherein the Variable in the range 0--20V volts D. C. is com-"pared to the output of a regulated D.C. source 32 across apotentiometer 33 having a slide 3 4.

An amplifier motor control Ucircuit 35 joins the "slide 3l! with onerendof a resistor 35 andthe amplier is sensitive to imbalance of the network3|. If the D.-C. volts output of the rectier Il) `(representative ofmotor load) balances that portion of the regulated D.-C. sourceeffective across the potentiometer 33 then the network is in balance andthe motor 3'! is stationary. If the pump motor load varies, thus'changing the applied D.C. volts across resistance 36, the amplifier 35sensitive to such unbalance, causes the motor 31 to rotate inproperdirection and. extent to move the slider 3d along the potentiometer 33to rebalance the network and simultaneously move the pen of recorder 9to record the new value of pump motor load in amperes. At the same timemotor 31 positions a cam 35 continuously positioning a core 33 couplingan energized primary di) with secondaries 4l. The circuit includingelernents 33, 34, 35, 38 and 31 is disclosed and claimed in anapplication of Anthony J. Hornfeck, Ser. No. 53,4148, filed October8,1948, now Patent 2,594,435, issued April 29,

' ously representative of pump suction pressure, a

voltage in the secondaries 29 continuously representative oi pumpdischarge pressure, and a Y continuously representative of motor load inamperes. lThese three variables are the ones desiijably to be visuallymanifested in the central controlstation under `the dial will of theoperator there.

terms of A.-C. voltages within a uniform range,

V'preferably 0-20 volts.' vThe proportionfof the range 0-20 volts A. C.at any instant in the Secondary I8 cr 29 or 4I is representative of theactual lvalue of theV variable as expressed in A.-C. voltage.

` As mentionedv in connection with Fig, 1 we have arranged that bydialing the numeral (l) the control station will receive a repeatingsequence until the circuit is broken. The sequence is, pump suctionpressure,y pump-discharge pressure and pump motor amps., and thenrepeating until the circuit is disconnected by the operator.

We have converted the variables` purine suction pressure, pump dischargepressure, and motor amps. into ablesen A.C`. voltage representative ofthe value v of the variable.

One terminal in each' of thesecondaries I8, 29

'and 4 l vis connected to common termina1 45. The

Vother terminal of the secondary I8 joins a terminals, from secondary 29a terminal D, and from secondary 4I a terminal A; of the sequence relay8.' The 'sequence relay 8 may be of a motor driven or notching typehaving ccnductorsf'll,

.All whichwhen energized move it through the desired sequence to an offor starting position and repeat the operation so long as the conductorset, 4l are energized.' In diagrammatic fashion we have shown that acontact arm 49, connected to a terminal 48, is adapted to sequentiallyengage the contacts S, D and A, returning to starting position oPreferably the arrangement is such that the arm 49 may dwell on each ofthe contacts a desired period of time with also a prearranged length oftime between contacts and to return to the starting or oft position.

It will now be apparent that, when the conductors 45,' dl' areenergized, the sequence relay 8 will provide at the terminals 45, t8 themeasuring voltage induced in the secondary I8, then the measuringvoltage induced in the secondary 29, and iinally the measuring voltageinduced in the secondary flI; whereafter the arm i9 will -be returned tothe oir position without contacting the terminals A, D, S in its returntravel. Thus, for a predetermined length of time the measuring values(represented by A.-C. voltages) are sequentially applied to theterminals 45, 48.

Mechanically positioned with the arm le is an arm dll in similar mannersequentially engaging the contacts S', D and A for a purpose to be laterexplained.

lf the circuit is traced from the terminal 4B it will be seen that (Fig.2A) terminal 48 is connected to terminal 50, by way of conductors 5I, 52through closed contacts on relays (II) (l2) (I3). Thus, for the present,we may consider that the terminals 551, 5G are the input terminals tothe impulse scanner I2 from the variable condition transmitters t, l and9. We will now describe the functioning of the impulse scanner I2.

The purpose of the impulse scanner is to compare the measuring voltagewith a scanning voltage linearly increasing from zero to a predeterminedmaximum value. During the scanning or comparing operation an unbalancebetween the two voltages exists, of one direction and decreasing valueuntil the linearly increasing comparison voltage equals the measuringvoltage at which time the network is balanced. As the comparison voltagecontinues to increase, the imbalance reverses and increases in value toa maximum. The unbalance voltage (algebraic sum of the measuring andscanning voltages) is oi one phase or the other across the balance pointand is applied to a phase sensitive electronic relay for opening orclosing a magnetic relay. Thus, during a given time interval, the relayis energized for that portion of the time interval preceding balanceandv is deenergized for that portion of the time interval followingbalance (or vice versa).

Referring temporarily to Fig. Il it will be observed that the suctionpressure measuring voltage is indicated as l() volts in the iirs'ttiming cam cycle of 15 seconds duration. Assume for the moment `thatthis remains constant atll) v`volts vthroughoutthef1.5 seconds timingcam cycle Vreset `portion 5.21 seconds (see Fig. e). present instancethis is 'arrived lat as follows.

to have a maximum of 60 characters.

fsindicated. The line EKF represents the linearly increasing voltage ofthe scanning mechanism from zero to a maximum of 20 volts. We indicate fline that a balance between'the two `voltages is reached at thecross-over point K of the voltage line EKF and the voltage line suctionpressure which occurs at approximately 5 seconds after -thebeginning `ofthe `timing cam cycle.

Thus, 'during the rst 5 seconds of the timing cam cycle there is anunbalance in the direction of measuring voltage -predominating (by theshaded portion EMK), starting at volts and gradually decreasing to zeroor balance condition at the period'of time for linear increase inscanning '=voltage,the proportion of the unbalance of `one phase to theunbalance of the other phase will give an indication of the location `oftheV balance point (in time) between the beginning `E and end F of themeasure portion of the time cycle.

AReferring now again'to Fig. 2 we provide at 55 a constant speedmotorarranged to mechanically drive atiming cam 59 and a measuring cam `51.Preferably the cams 56, 51 make one complete revolution in seconds ofwhich the measuringportion is 9.79 seconds and the In the The countingrate set by Teletype equipment vis 368 characters per minute. Each ofthethree variables being measured is arbitrarily calibrated Thus, 60characters 60 seconds in a minute 368:9.'19 seconds (out of the 15second total cycle) for the maximum transmittal of 60 charactersrepresenting maximum expected value of the Variable condition.

The operation of the timing cam 56 is to actuate an electric switch 58to break .the 15 second cycle into a measuring portion of 9.79 secondsand 1 a 'reset portion of 5.21 seconds. As shown in Fig. 2 the contact58 is closed representing'the measuring portion of the cycle. i

`The scanning or measuring earn 51 performs vthe function ofreciprocating a movable core 60 relative to an energized primary 6r anda pair of opposed secondaries 62 `similar to the measuring transformers6, 1 and 9. As the core -60 is reciprocated between the windings 6l, 62

it will be evident that a voltage will be induced in the secondaries 62determined by the' coupling position of the core in the windings. Thevoltage so induced in the secondaries 62 is the scanning voltagepreviously referred to for comparison with the selected measuringvoltage available at 45,

' 50. Thus, depending upon the position of the sequence relay thescanning circuit includes in series loop (Fig. 2) the secondaries I8across the terminals 45y 5D and the secondaries `62 across i the sameterminals. We show, however, that the rconductor connection between thesecondaries 62 and the terminal 50 is broken to include a phasesensitive electronic relay 65 having output terminals 66, 61 acrosswhich is connected the winding 68 of a magnetic relay previouslymentioned. It will thus be apparent that the imbalance voltage developedas the algebraic sum of the measuring voltage and the scanning voltagewill appear at the terminals '69, 1'()` as `an input fortlie elecnoattention to the magnitude of thelunbalance` but only as to thedirection of unbalance. The output terminals 66, 61 will thus provide,during each timing cam cycle of 15 seconds, an amplied voltage fora'lentgh of time determined by the value of the variable (with 9.79seconds as a maximum) during engagement of the sequence relay contactarm 49 with either the terminal S or D or A; and no voltage for theremainder of the 15 second cycle. Amplified unbalance voltage at theterminals 66, 61 energizes` the relay 68-to the position shown whereinthe contact -12 closes with a terminal 13 for a time lengthrepresentatlve of the measured value of suction pressure (S), dischargepressure (D), or motor amps. (A) `When no voltage appears at theterminals l66, 61 and the relay 68 is deenergized, theI contact 12engages the terminal 14 to indicate the remainder of the time cycle.

It will thus be seen that the `system so far 5described provides thatout of a time portion 'of15 seconds the measured variable manifests aclosing of circuit between conductors 15, 16 for a portion of the 15seconds up to a maximum of 9.79 seconds. If the measured variable -isless than maximum value the circuit is closed between conductors 15, 11for a proportionate part of the 9.79 seconds.

The electronic relay 65 receives the voltage difference at inputterminals 69, 10 with a 6SL7GT tube which serves as a two-stage amplier.A GSN'IGT tube acts as a phase sensitive device controlling the magneticrelay 66. The unit is sensitive to even a very small voltage differencesince said difference is amplifled through the two stages of the6`SL'7GT tube approximately 2500 times. The output voltage of the GSLTGTtube is applied across resistor and the grids of the type 6SN7GT tube.-The latter may be considered as a single section triode since, in thiscase, both halves are connected in parallel for greater currentcapacity.

As long the the voltage of the scanning secondaries 62 is increasingalong the line- (Fig. 4) to match that of the measuringsecondaries, thegrid voltage of the GSN'IGT tube is in phase with that of the anode, andthe plate current will be sufficient to keep relay 68 energized.However, when the voltage difference drops to `zero and reverses phase(as point K is passed), the grid of the 6SN7GT tube is out of phase, theplate current is eut off, and relay 6B is deenergized.

Interposed in conductor 15 is the switch 56 which definitely limits(irrespective of closure 12--13 or 12-14) signal appearance at 15, 16 or11 to the measuring portion 9.79 seconds of the cycle.

Referring again to Fig. 4 it will be seen that the first timing camcycle of 15 seconds duration is broken by the timing cam 56 and contact58 into a measuring portion of 9.79 seconds and reset portion of 5.21seconds. The voltage induced in the secondaries 62 follows generally thepath EKFGLHJ while the voltage generated by the secondaries I8 followsthe path It will be observed that the voltagepattern MKLN is availableat terminals 45, 50 throughout that portion of the 15 second cycle thatarm 49 engages S. The voltage pattern EKFGLHJ is available at terminals45, 50' throughout the 15 second cycle or one parallel to it. Theamplied unbalance, if any, is available at' terminals 66, 61 for theentire '15 seconds. The relay 6l is energliemand 12, 13 closed, duringthe time -5 seconds, and for the period of time from about 11.8 toseconds as the scanning voltage follows the path LHJ. The relay 68 isdeenergized and 12, 14 closed during the time span 5 to 11.8 seconds.

Through the operation oi cam 56 on contact 58, however, theeffectiveness of the'relay action at terminals 15, 16 is limited to thespan 0-5 seconds while the eiiectiveness of the relay at terminals 15,11 is limited to the span. 59.79 seconds. In other words, as clearly.seen in Fig. 4, the timing cam 56 allows only the portion EKF of thevoltage induced in secondary 62 to be effective.

Referring to Fig. 3 we will now explain how shown at seconds for acomplete voltage cycle. 1

In the middle graph of Fig. 3 we show that the cam 51, while stillmaking one revolution in 20 seconds, has been distorted in itspositioning of the core so that the core is reciprocated between theposition 60D and 69E? to produce the voltage rcurve BUF having in theone halfcycle a greater area4 above the Zero voltage line than the otherhalf-cycle area is below said zero voltage line. In other words, theinduced voltage in the secondary 62, would be substantially all of onephase with a sinusoidal increase from zero to a maximum and decay againto zero in one half-cycle. i

The lowermost graph of Fig. 3 depicts arrival at the desired result invshaping the cam 51 to obtain thevoltage form of Fig. 4. The measuringportion of 1the cam, as selected by switch 58, is shaped for linearincrease in voltage from zero (E) Ato a desired maximum (F) and with aninduced voltage carry-over` FGHJ 'which is insulated from terminals 15,1t, 11 by opening the switch 58 but is necessary in mechanical camdesign and construction to obtain smoothmotio'n characteristics of themechanism. We have also, r

the cycle in 15 vseconds in this graph, completed as desired.

It' will be seen that the comparison or scan-` ning voltage, induced insecondaries 62 through the coupling action of core 69, may be arrangedto provide a pattern of gradual'increase (or decrease) over themeasuring portion ofthe `timing cam 56,- or may be arranged to provideany characterizedv pattern, through adjustment of the shape and time ofrotation of cam 51.

We have provided at the dial receiver-Teletype sender I3 the conductors15, 16 which may provide a measuring voltage representative of one phaseor by way of'conductors 15, 11 af volt-V Smooth reciprocation of4 core'l orl 9. range of 0-600 p. s. i. g. and the actual suction pressure is400 p. s. i. g. then the measuring signal appearing across conductors15, 16 will be l0/600 979=6.52 seconds. Thus we provides as an input tothe dial receiver-Teletype sender a voltage across .15, 16 of a timelength representative of or proportional to the instantaneous value ofthe measured variable.

Thedevice i3, at Station N o. 1, is also a receiverl for the digitaldial at the remote control station. Either relay (i), (Il), (l2) or (13)is selectively energized by the remote dialing. Each of these iourrelays is of a hold-in type which remains energized, following thedialing thereof, until the circuit broken at the control station. Thisis similar to the ordinary dial telephone system wherein the circuitremains completed until the receiver is replaced.

The remote station i3 includes the sender of a Teletype system arrangedto transmit to the rreletype receiver at the control station a seriesoi' letters or characters by pulses representative of one phase or theother (at terminals 69, 1D). As depicted in Fig. 4 the measuring timemay comprise a transmittal of the letter S (pump suction pressure), theletter D (pump discharge pressure) the letter A (motor amps.) and forthe remaining portion of the measure time may transmit the letter X. Wehave shown in Fig. 2

terminals labelled respectively N, X, S, D and A at the entrance to theTeletype sender. These represent the input to the Teletype sender fortransmitting selectively letters X, S, D or A. Relays (S) (D) and (A)are provided for channelling the measuring signal from 'l2-13 to theproper Teletype input terminal S or D or A. when 12mm is closed, theconductors 15, 1B connect across NS or ND or NA for a length of time(9.79 secondsk or a portion thereof) determined in part by contact 58.For the remainder (if any) or the 9.79 seconds 12-14 is closed andconductors 15, 11 connect across NX. Thus, the signal transmitted by theyTeletype sender is a combination or" S or D or A characters and Xcharacters, the number of the S or D or A characters relative to thetotal being an indication of the value of the variable being measured.

Dial 1 'At Pumping Station 1 relay (I) is energized and holds itself in.This initiates a sequential transmittal to the central control stationof:

Station No. l-pump suction pressure. Station No. 1-pump dischargepressure. Station No. 1-motcr amperes.

Norm-This sequence will be repeated until circuit is disconnected at thecontrol station.

Energizing of relay (l) connects the constant speed motor 55, by way of`conductors 89, 8l to power lines L, L. Simultaneously the sequencerelay S is started by connecting conductors 45, il across the powerlines L, L'. The cams 55, 51 and the relay il have previously beenadjusted for coincidence in operation and, as they are connected to thesaine power source, will stay in proper relationship. They may, in factbe all driven by motor 55 through proper gear reduction.

Contact arm 49 engages the terminal S of relay t making effective thesecondaries i9 for comparison with the scanning secondary 62 voltage.Rotation of cam 5i moves the core 9i), inducing a voltage in thesecondary t2. During the measuring portion of timing cam 56, namely 9.79sec In" other words, if the device 6 has aV 11 onus` out of .thecomplete cycle. of ll seconds, theterminals 15,16 are connected (by way.of 5B) fora `measuring signal representative in time` lengthofthe valueof `suction pressure.. That the.; signal leaving I3 is representative ofS (rather than D or A) is due to the fact that arm dilisengaging contactS inirelay 8.: Such an..

engagementconnects the `.contact 49f-by way. of

conductorl 85 with power line L and completes the. circutthrough contactS, conductor 88 and relay coil` (S)Y to the power `line L thusenergizing relay .(S) thereby insuring that the signal available. at15,115 will .bemade available at ythe Tele! Y type.senderoutputterminals NS. It will be seen that conductor15 is connectedto terminal N by` way of relay (I), conductor `11 leads directly to`terminal X, and conductor 16 reaches terminal S byl way of,relay.(S).

Considering Fig. 4, at the dialing of the numeral (l) themotor. 55 andrelay 8 are placed in operation and fonthe succeeding 15. second timecycle of the cam the Teletype sender. in device I3 transmits to the`control station 30. S's followed by 30 Xs in a total of 9.79. seconds,followed by aniidle .time of 5.21 seconds. At the end of 15 secondsthecams58., 51 are at theirstarting posi-..- tions and relay 8 4hasswitched to theD and D.

positions...The operation repeats, transmitting the` letter, Drepresentative of discharge lpressure. At, the endof the second 15seconds the cams, .51- are again at their starting `posi-tionsl andrelay engages A and A whereupon a. series of.As is transmittedrepresentative of the meas,-v ured value of. motor amperes.

So` long.` as dial (l) is operative this sequence,

willberepeated.. A timedwell of one ycycle (15 seconds) vwill behadfbetween transmitting A.

and again transmitting the` value S. After the4 thirdcycle. is.`completed, the relay 8. is at off andthe .succeeding 15. second cycleisfidle ofv signals until relayj 8 is moved to. position S, Whenever. itlis desired to cease the Isequence, transmission the. operator` at theControl Station breaks circuit to relay (I.) and the4 system, isnontransmitting: until again dialed.

numeral (12,), is dialed atthe central control stationthe relay (It)`(Fig. 2A) is energizedand holds in through` contact |00. Contact IIl'Iopens the'circui't betvveen terminals 48, 50 by disconnectixigconductcrs5I, 52; and closes circuit 52,

|06* thus lay-passing the sequence relay- 8" to join i secnclariesy 29-directlyto terminal`- 50. Thus, secondaries 29 are connected-toterminalsV i5, 5IIv4 in a network includingsecondaries 62. The unbalanceofA the network, appearing atV terminals 50,,constitutesthe input toelectronic relay 65 at input terminals 6,9, 1D; the output of relay*65contrlling the time Vportion of the measuring cycle'of; cani58duringwhi`ch relay contact 12 engages 4termimil 13.

Erler'gization'VV of relay (I2) also causes: contactv I 82j` tofcorrlplete-4 the` circuit of motor conchictcqr- 8| to L', the othermotorconductor 8Ii-beingpermanently connected #to poil/er.` sourcerL.T'hus` "i the `timing motor 55.15. energized for controlling. switch 5l.`and i. for" reciprocating. comparison" core Comparing the voltage of.seoondaries 29 with that 'induced l in seconidarles` e825 "resultsin 1. connecting. conductor. 108i withi conductor :'18J i'or a portion:or ther measuring time cycle of cam y 56 and in :connecting conductor.I 08 with conductor f 11. for .the remaining .portion of the measuringi.

time. cycleof .cam `SIL Buuthe` time portion :dur-L: Y

ing `which s I 08,v181`isfolosod rdoes not distinguish l as to whetherthe.measuring` signalishould. be` S` or D or A. This is accomplished byclosure'oie contact TI 88:"01 relay. C I 2):v which'i connects.iconductor 1e-` :to .Teletype input 1), l.by-passing` `:relay DIF:At-.the same time closure o! contact; H18A cons.4

nectsconductor 15' with zTelotype input: N.

available` atMYIeIetypednput f through relay con-s tact'llllfto Niandeonductoril direotlyconnected al to X;

So, long` asrelay 1( itil isuheld in .by. contact.l i nll the'Teletypeiwlllcyclically: transmit a series-nor i DPs anda nervioso! Xsfollowedvby an idle aimer- (reset portion of cam 56); the time ratio ofthe..v

transmitted Dls to. the Xs providing/a `measureortheepump-dischargepressure. Thus, if. D transmitted throughcmt.,:the`:entiremeasure%--`* portionl (1f-.timing .eamcycla it;` means.`that.fche.1

pump` i discharge pressure' issyatl `maximum `vcal-iE y brated value;while ifzthatimcot Ditransmission..

is just equal tdtime of X transmission itx-signieei':`

that pump discharge pressure has a valuei50% of calibratedn Otherdialing simiiarmanncr, dialing (2.2).,` (32) ort-(a2.)

transmits pump discharge pressurcznat,` Station'.

or. (al) transmits numnsuction 1nzess-1n'adialing (1111):..x(23.1.1133). @(43) transmits motorfamps.

T'eletypereceiver Atfthg contr@ Stationelotype. receiver. we,Platetabiremplera telatyvewvlter or telen-rimer responsa@ t@ unesignals. si, n, A, x. from. the si. tim Fig.- 5, illustrates a.. recordpaper l faire@ suction Qr-'dsehaxswressars and. with.- avl'gm....vcr-15.@ y. 91121 ,.1;i0tor--amperes,- The graduated range spans thetime intetvalrot tha Raevwf msutin avale... the -illlerlal alleman the.-wlmi/portineria moya recordlpapen upward retract. the. casillas@ @swunga new. resmdfiine oi typed @buscars- We haw chosen. in 5. Severalnos`sible 00W. ofalilaractersv which. may. sa..

used- FQrStatiQaNa. 14 watransmit `S emanan@ drier: thamsasamdi salvasana-.X -forthey remaindeg ai the-(measuring.- cscle.; as described for,@stimmung stallen. 1 Thavaliles--f0reSta 11mm `11. are -mroximtels Pumpsuctionpressure.` pt si il 440 Pump discharga pxiesure p. s.-i 800:Pumpmotm'lamperosee ampsi.- 72( itbeing anpreciated.thatin,ig,.5we hayeshot/nV eachnharegters. 0r Diwhave. a value 0I.. 410.9.. s. i... 0r..- atotaler. only. 25. cliaratersfor the, complete measuring cycle." It;`will` be vrecalled,` that we hayefinentionedjthatactually ourV4systemoi's calibrated` to transmit-60 characters'during the 9.79

seconds" `nxeasurin'g portici@` ofJv thectimingcani;H

50. With a totalofwcharmtors-'Ior a range of.

maracas-5.

13 -.1000rp.1s. i. each character will representabout 17 p. s. i. Ifcloser reading is desired we may suppress the pressure gage 6 to a rangeof 200-600 and the pressure gage 'i to a range of 60G-1000, for example.

Fig. 5, for Station No. 2, indicates that the record may be composed ofSs followed by the numeral 2 designating the station from which the S iscoming.y f

Fig. 5, for Station No. 3, shows that it is unnecessary to transmit anycharacter other than S, D and A.

Fig. 5, for Station 4, shows the possibility of designating the stationnumber preceding the designation of transmitted measurement.

Many other combinations of symbols or characters may, of course, beused. We show in Fig. 6 the possibility of an automatic time stamp whichmay be used in connection with the teletypewriter to record adjacent thereceived information the date, time and dial used, the latterdesignating the station and intelligence transmitted.

While we have chosen to illustrate and describe one preferred embodimentof our invention, it will be understood that this is by way of exampleonly.

In place of using wires to transmit the intelligence signals, radiowaves of any desired length may be used, such as in the normaltransmitting bands, or short waves or micro-waves.

We may provide a teleprinter in each of the pumping stations, or atother locations additional to the central control station, so that atyped record of the transmitted intelligence may be available atnumerous places. Furthermore, the system may be so arranged that aperson entering one of the normally unattended pumping stations may dial(in the same maner as in the central control station) and obtain desiredinformation according to the numeral dialed, from any of the stations.The system may actually provide that any one of the locations become acontrol station in multi-way communication with the other locations,through the provision of transmittingreceiving Teletype equipment.

While we have described a repetitive sequence of three'variables in adialed station, we may so arrange the system that having dialed (l) forexample, the value of pump suction pressure, then pump dischargepressure, then pump motor amps. for Station No. 1 is sequentiallytransmitted to all receiving locations and then the transmittal stoppeduntil again dialed, i. e. not repeated.

Furthermore, we may so arrange the system that the sequence extendsbeyond the one station dialed. For example, if (l) is dialed it mayinitiate a sequence like S-P-A Station No. 1. S-P-A Station No. 2. S-P-AStation No. 3. S-P- A Station No. 4. S-P-A Station No. l.

comparison withqthe variable voltag'esa comparison network'for one of'they variable voltages andthe cyclic voltage, means toy measure thetime interval from the start of each cycle to the occurrence of balance,mechanism for selecting which of the variable voltages is to be placedin the comparison network, means for manually activating the selectivemechanism from a remote receiving station, means for identifying thecomparison network output with the variable voltage placed in thenetwork, and means for simultaneously transmitting to said receivingstation over a common media the comparison network time interval asmeasured and the identification.

2. An electric telemetering system including in combination, meansestablishing a cyclic voltage having a comparative portion with a linearvariation, means establishing a measuring voltage continuouslyrepresentative of a variable, a comparative network for the twovoltages, a relay circuit selectively activated by the direction ofunbalance in the network resulting from comparison of the voltages, asignal circuit actuated by the relay circuit for choice between thepro-.- duction of two output signalsl in accordance with the duration ofeach direction of unbalance, means for breaking the signal circuit torestrict its output to within a predetermined portion of the period oflinear variation of the cyclic voltage, and means for transmission ofthe signal circuit output to a selected remote point.

3. The combination of claim 2 wherein the comparative portion of thecyclic voltage having linear time-magnitude variation is formed whollywithin a single phase of the cyclic voltage.

ll. An electric telemetering system including in combination, aplurality of measuring means each establishing a voltage continuouslyrepresentative of a different variable to be transmitted, meansestablishing a single cyclically voltage linearly characterized during apredetermined portion of its cycle for comparison with any of therepresentative voltages, a comparison network for a selected one of therepresentative voltages with the comparative voltage, a sequencemechanism introducing the voltages established by the plurality ofmeasuring means into the comparison network in selected order, means tomeasure the time interval between the beginning of each cycle andbalance, and means controlled by the comparison network identifying itsoutput with the variable voltage selected and transmitting theidentified signal to a predetermined location throughout said interval.

5. The combination of claim 4 wherein, the sequence mechanism includes acontact selectively activating relays which establishcorrespondence inidentication between the output of the means controlled by thecomparison network and that of the selected variable.

6. The combination of claim 4.' wherein, the means for establishing thecyclic voltage includes a movable core transformer actuated by a shapedcam the means controlled by the comparison network additionally includesa signalling circuit controlled by the comparison network output inaccordance with network unbalance, and by a contact actuated by a cammechanically timed with the means establishing the single cyclicvoltage.

"1. The combination of claim 6 wherein the network output .actuates arelay and means are provided for the relay to control the saidsignalling andan additional signalling circuit by alternating contactbetween two sets of output terminals ananas u upon directionchangeincomparison network un-v balanceand the timing cam breaks bothsignal` ing circuits during the portion of its cycle the Y shaped cam 1snot varying the single cyclic voltage linearly.

8.- Anelectric-telemetering system including in. combination; a iirstcircuitincluding, means for4 selective inclusion of voltage establishingmeans each of whichconstantly represents `variables to be transmitted,means for establishing a .single cyclicvoltage which increases linearly`over a` predetermined portion of its cycle;` a phase sensie tive. relay.responsiveto the change in direction of unbalancebetween the two.voltages compared inthislfirst circuit; a second circuit including,

timed breaking means for opening the second` circuitto dennelimits oflinear increase periodsA of fthe vcyclic voltage in the rst circuit, and

switching means controlled by the relay for divid` ingtheisecondcircuitoutputduring thelinear increase period of the cyclic voltagei-naccordance with the time each of the. twoI directionsof volt-,1l

agefunbalance continue in the rst, circuit;` and means` controlled bytheselective means of the-y rst-circuitior routing the second circuitoutput to preselected transmitting terminals.

9. `In combination, a `balancear/le electric firsty circuit` including,a selected one of a plurality of` means producing variablemrepresentingvoltages,

and a movable core. transformer cycled by a cam'` the movablecoretransformer cam for inter-` ruption of the second `circuit forsubstantially thatportion ofnon-linear voltage production by the movablecoretransformer; and. a plurality of manually controlled relays whichdivide the` outputof the second circuit from its two sets oftransmitting terminals between pairs or output terminals; one of eachpair preselected to correspond to the variable then selected formeasurement and the other of each `pair being* common to all pairs.

10. The combination of claim 9 wherein,;means are'provided `forrepeatedly including the selected one or any sequence of the pluralityof means:

into the first circuit 'andr obtaining the `corresponding output for adeterminable number o! repetitions.

11. An electric telemetering systemv including in combination, meansestablishing a voltage con tinuously representative of the value oi avariable, means cyclically establishing a comparison voltage having alinearly increasing value for4 a .portion of each time cycle, acomparison network receiving said voltages'a relay responsive todirection of unbalance of-saidnetwork andaarrranged' to close one or theother of a pair of signal cire` cuits depending upon the direction ofunbalance, a switch in the neutral of said signal circuits, a constantspeed timing motory and a cam driven by the motor arrangedl to closesaid switch during the said portionof each time cycle only.

l2. The` combination of cl'ainr 1I including means under the control of`said pair of" signalV circuits arranged to. transmit repeatedly anni-`ttelligence character during that partI of said time cycleportion thatone of the .pair of signal cirii cuits is closed and to transmitrepeatedly a differ-` ent intelligence character during the remainder ofsaid time cycle portion.

13. `The combination of claim 12 including a teleprinter receiving saidcharacters and visually u recording the characters in sequenceproportional. Within a predetermined total in consonance `with thepercentage of a maximum value of the vari.`

able which the actual value of the varable is at the instant whentherelay changesthe closure of one oi the signal circuits to. closure ofthe other.

14. The combination. of claim 13 including a plurality oiimeanseachestablishing a voltage continuously representative. of the value of`a different variable, and sequence means operated.: in synchronism withsaid camfcr successively` subjectingathevariable voltage into the com.,`

parison network.

15. The combination of claixnl4 including. se..

lective means in connection with the transmitting.:

means providing an intelligence characterl representative of eachvariable for repetitive. trans mission during the one part of the timeportion.

16. The combination of claim 15 including;

means assuring that the correct-:representative character is transmittedin accordancevwith the sequence means operation.

17. The combination of claim` 116v including;

manual selectionmeans` arranged yto start the motorand thusthe sequencetransmittal ofthe characters representative of the several variables.`

18-` The combinationof claim. 16y including` manual selection meansarranged to. select tor transmission. the character representative ofthe.`

value of the selected variable only;

19. Thecombination of claim -18 including relay means selecting thedesiredvariabley anda its representative characteriortransmittal, andcircuit means providing repeated` ltransmittal of the selected .variablecharacter'V unt-il: other meansy are operated breaking.- thetransmittal'.

2.0.1111 an electric Utelemetering. system, timel cycle means dividingtimewinto uniform units;-

mechanism` transmitting during eachtime. unit a succession. otintelligence` characters designat#` ing `a variable, the number ofcharacters trans mittedwduring the.A unit being a measure of' the.

value of thevariable, and a receivingy teleprint'er making a visual`record ofthe: characters trans` mitted inlrelation to `record graduationrepre'- senti-ng total number of characters which would correspond tomaximum value of they variable.`

21. 'Filesystem of claim 2fain which. themech-l anism. isadapted toAtransmit a different intelligence character representing each of aplurality ofl variables, and remote manual selector meansv arranged` toinitiate the transmittal of the selooted-variabler 22. The system ofclaim 21 including sequence/ means,l whose operation is initiated bysaid selec,- tor and adapted to sequentially impose the plurality ofvariables into transmission.

23.` The systemV of `claim 21 including-radio wave `transrr-rissior-imeans for the characterstc4 be transmitted, and radio wavereceivingmeansactuating the said teleprinter.

24. The systemwof claim 2i including a plurality of separately locatedkmanualv selector means any one of. which :will select the variable`desirably to be transmitted. l

25.*The system of: claim 24 including a rality of transmittingstatittns.l each` ofc whicl'il 17 at least one variable to betransmitted, a plurality of receiving stations all of which receive thetransmitted characters, and manual selector means for selecting thestation variable to be transmitted.

25. A pulse transmission system including an impulse scanner cyclicallyproviding a comparison voltage having a linearly increasing portion, andmeasuring means of a variable providing a measuring voltage continuouslyrepresentative of the value oi' the variable and within the voltagerange of said portion.

27. The system of claim 26 including a network to which the two voltagesare applied for comparscn.

28. An electric telemetering system including in combination, measuringmeans establishing a voltage continuously representative of a variableto be transmitted, means establishing a cyclically varying comparisonvoltage having a portion with a linear variation throughout a range atleast as great as that of the variable voltage, a comparison networkreceiving and combining said.

variable voltage and said comparison voltage in opposition, a relayresponsive to direction of unbalance in said network closing asignalling circuit during preponderance of the variable voltage andmeans timed in unison with said voltage cycling means to open saidsignalling circuit during non-linear portions of the ccmparison voltagecycle.

29. The system dened in claim 23 in which said relay closesv a secondsignalling circuit during preponderance of the comparison voltage, saidtimed means simultaneously opening said second signalling circuit.

30. The combination of claim 28 including means to transmit anintelligence character periodically at intervals which comprise a smallfraction of the period during which the signalling circuit is closed bysaid timed means and means to energize said transmitting means by theclosing of said signal circuit.

31. The combination of claim. 29 including means to selectively transmitdifferent intelligence characters each at intervals which comprise asubmultiple of 'the period of closing of the signalling circuits by saidtimed means, means to energize said transmitting means to deliver arepetition ci one character by the closing of said first signallingcircuit and means to energize said transmitting means to deliver arepetition of a different character` by the closing oi the said secondsignalling circuit.

32. The combination of claim 31 including a tele-printer for receivingand visually recording said characters in a sequence, the relativenumber of the two characters designating the actual value of thevariable as a percentage of a predetermined value at the instant therelay changes its condition.

33. An electric telemetering system including in combination, meansestablishing a voltage continuously representative of the value of avariable, means cyclically establishing a com.- parison voltage having alinearly increasing Value for a portion of each time cycle, a comparisonnetwork receiving said voltages, a relay responsive to direction ofunbalance of said network and arranged to open or close a signal circuitdepending upon the direction of unbalance, and. means under the controlof said signal circuit arranged to transmit repeatedly an intelligencecharacter during that part of the time portion that the signal circuitis closed.

ANTHONY J. HORNFECK. JOHN F. LUHRS. J. PEARSON SMITH.

References Cited in the ille of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 1,496,101 Schmitt June 3, 1924 2,279,232 Graham Apr. 7, 19422,427,355 Keinath Sept. 16, 1947 2,444,202 McAlpine et al June 29, 19482,524,665 Hornfeck Oct. 3, 1950 2,564,294 Belcher, Jr Aug. 14, 19512,579,831 Keinath Dec. 25, 1951

